{"id":764,"date":"2024-07-27T10:16:04","date_gmt":"2024-07-27T08:16:04","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/?post_type=raporty&#038;p=764"},"modified":"2024-07-27T10:23:56","modified_gmt":"2024-07-27T08:23:56","slug":"publications","status":"publish","type":"raporty","link":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/raporty\/publications\/","title":{"rendered":"Publications"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>This section brings together published articles and publications produced as part of the DEsire project.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Kierunek transformacji energetyki zgodnie ze \u015bcie\u017ck\u0105 Coal-to-Nuclear &#8211; Za\u0142o\u017cenia i cele projektu DEsire<\/strong> <em>(In Polish)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> \u0141ukasz Bartela, Pawe\u0142 G\u0142adysz, Dorota Homa<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>Z pocz\u0105tkiem kwietnia br. rozpocz\u0105\u0142 si\u0119 projekt badawczy o akronimie DEsire. G\u0142\u00f3wnym celem projektu jest opracowanie planu dekarbonizacji polskiej energetyki zawodowej na drodze wykorzystania reaktor\u00f3w j\u0105drowych generacji III\/III+ oraz IV. Realizacja siedmiu zada\u0144 badawczych ma pozwoli\u0107 na ocen\u0119 zyskuj\u0105cej na \u015bwiecie popularno\u015b\u0107 \u015bcie\u017cki transformacji Coal-to-Nuclear, przede wszystkim w kontek\u015bcie potencja\u0142u krajowego. Projekt realizowany jest w ramach konsorcjum utworzonego przez pi\u0119\u0107 podmiot\u00f3w: Politechnik\u0119 \u015al\u0105sk\u0105, Ministerstwo Klimatu i \u015arodowiska, Energoprojekt-Katowice SA, Instytut Chemii i Techniki J\u0105drowej oraz Fundacj\u0119 Instytut Sobieskiego. Finansowanie projektu uzyskano w ramach VI konkursu Narodowego Centrum Bada\u0144 i Rozwoju \u201eGospostrateg\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Nowa Energia, nr 5-6(86)\/2022<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/magazyn.nowa-energia.com.pl\/magazyny\/nowa-energia-5-6-2022\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to publisher&#8217;s website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Why coal-fired power plants should get nuclear-ready<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Nils Haneklaus, Staffan Qvist, Pawe\u0142 G\u0142adysz, \u0141ukasz Bartela<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>Nuclear power plant\u00a0designs are becoming smaller so that the capacity of these\u00a0small modular reactors\u00a0(SMRs) is similar to that of coal-fired power units. The need to decarbonize the energy sector will leave infrastructure and workers of retired coal-fired power plants behind. From an environmental point of view coal-fired power plants should neither be built nor operated. If these plants are built\/operated though, they should be designed in a way that they can be swiftly transformed to provide low-carbon energy. They should be designed to be nuclear-ready. The idea to transform coal-to-nuclear (C2N) is receiving increased attention. In this Perspective, we argue that akin to an earlier EU directive on carbon capture and storage (CCS) that made CCS readiness assessments necessary to obtain a building permit in the EU, C2N assessments could be provided by utilities of new and operating coal-fired power plants on a voluntary basis today, to maximize the utilization of existing infrastructure for clean energy production tomorrow.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Energy, 280, 128169, 2023<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.energy.2023.128169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to publisher&#8217;s website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Dekarbonizacja energetyki opartej na w\u0119glu w Polsce poprzez zastosowanie modu\u0142owych reaktor\u00f3w j\u0105drowych<\/strong> <em>(In Polish)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Agnieszka Mi\u015bkiewicz, Dagmara Chmielewska-\u015amietanko, Tomasz Smoli\u0144ski<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>Polski przemys\u0142 energetyczny w przewa\u017caj\u0105cej wi\u0119kszo\u015bci opiera si\u0119 na spalaniu paliw kopalnych, z czego ponad 70% stanowi w\u0119giel kamienny i brunatny. Obecna polityka klimatyczna przewiduje drastyczne obni\u017cenie emisji CO2 do \u015brodowiska, a co za tym idzie konieczno\u015b\u0107 pilnej transformacji polskiego przemys\u0142u energetycznego w przemys\u0142 niskoemisyjny. Aby tego dokona\u0107, niezb\u0119dne wydaje si\u0119 zredukowanie przede wszystkim energetyki w\u0119glowej opartej o w\u0119giel kamienny i brunatny. G\u0142\u00f3wne wyzwanie stoj\u0105ce na \u015bcie\u017cce transformacji energetycznej to zapewnienie bezpiecze\u0144stwa energetycznego przy zachowaniu ekonomicznie racjonalnych koszt\u00f3w. W istniej\u0105cych strategiach dekarbonizacji rozwa\u017cane s\u0105 dwie g\u0142\u00f3wne \u015bcie\u017cki dla przysz\u0142o\u015bci istniej\u0105cego wyposa\u017cenia elektrowni w\u0119glowej. Pierwsza mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 to ca\u0142kowite wy\u0142\u0105czenie cz\u0119\u015bci elektrowni w\u0119glowych z systemu i zbudowanie na ich miejsce nowych niskoemisyjnych \u017ar\u00f3de\u0142 energii, wspierane poprzez poprawienie efektywno\u015bci energetycznej ca\u0142ego systemu. Drugie rozwi\u0105zanie to utrzymanie obecnej infrastruktury dekarbonizuj\u0105c j\u0105, np. poprzez zmniejszenie bezpo\u015brednich emisji, dodaj\u0105c wychwyt dwutlenku w\u0119gla, spalanie biomasy, konwersj\u0119 na gaz ziemny w cyklu kombinowanym (NGCC) z dodatkowym wychwytywaniem dwutlenku w\u0119gla, OZE, energi\u0119 geotermaln\u0105 lub wykorzystanie energii j\u0105drowej. Ka\u017cda z wymienionych opcji niesie za sob\u0105 szereg wyzwa\u0144 technologicznych, planistycznych, a przede wszystkim ekonomicznych. W niniejszym opracowaniu skupiono si\u0119 na mo\u017cliwo\u015bci wykorzystania reaktor\u00f3w j\u0105drowych jako retrofit\u00f3w blok\u00f3w w\u0119glowych z zachowaniem, w mo\u017cliwie najwy\u017cszym stopniu, infrastruktury elektroenergetycznej.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bezpiecze\u0144stwo J\u0105drowe i Ochrona Radiologiczna, 1\/2023<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/paa\/bezpieczenstwo-jadrowe-i-ochrona-radiologiczna---numer-12023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to National Atomic Energy Agency website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Dynamiczny rozw\u00f3j ma\u0142ych reaktor\u00f3w modu\u0142owych (SMR) &#8211; sytuacja na \u015bwiecie i w Polsce<\/strong> <em>(In Polish)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Dagmara Chmielewska-\u015amietanko, Agnieszka Mi\u015bkiewicz, Tomasz Smoli\u0144ski<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>Ma\u0142e reaktory modu\u0142owe (ang. Small Modular Reactor &#8211; SMR) s\u0105 obecnie przedmiotem du\u017cego zainteresowania w Polsce i na \u015bwiecie. Projektami ma\u0142ych reaktor\u00f3w j\u0105drowych interesuj\u0105 si\u0119 zar\u00f3wno firmy, zajmuj\u0105ce si\u0119 dotychczas energetyk\u0105 j\u0105drow\u0105, jak i podmioty, kt\u00f3re chcia\u0142yby rozwija\u0107 niskoemisyjne \u017ar\u00f3d\u0142a energii. Przyczyn\u0119 dynamicznego rozwoju technologii ma\u0142ych reaktor\u00f3w j\u0105drowych upatruje si\u0119 przede wszystkim w ch\u0119ci zaspokojenia potrzeb elastycznego wytwarzania energii dla szerokiego zakresu u\u017cytkownik\u00f3w oraz zast\u0105pieniu starzej\u0105cych si\u0119 jednostek opalanych paliwami kopalnymi. Do zalet SMR-\u00f3w nale\u017cy zaliczy\u0107 tak\u017ce mo\u017cliwo\u015b\u0107 kogeneracji, kt\u00f3ra powala na produkcj\u0119 energii elektrycznej, ciep\u0142a dla ciep\u0142ownictwa i przemys\u0142u itp., a tak\u017ce modularyzacj\u0119, standaryzacj\u0119 i harmonizacj\u0119 oraz ni\u017csze koszty kapita\u0142owe. Niniejszy materia\u0142 stanowi opis sytuacji \u015bwiatowej oraz krajowej zwi\u0105zanej z rozwojem projekt\u00f3w SMR, poprzedzony kr\u00f3tk\u0105 charakterystyk\u0105 tych reaktor\u00f3w, z podkre\u015bleniem aspekt\u00f3w bezpiecze\u0144stwa, kt\u00f3re nale\u017cy uwzgl\u0119dni\u0107 w procesie ich wdra\u017cania.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bezpiecze\u0144stwo J\u0105drowe i Ochrona Radiologiczna, 3\/2023<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/paa\/bezpieczenstwo-jadrowe-i-ochrona-radiologiczna---numer-32023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to National Atomic Energy Agency website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. Energetyka j\u0105drowa w kontek\u015bcie normalizacji i zapewnienia jako\u015bci<\/strong> <em>(In Polish)<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Marta Krejpowicz, Krzysztof Madaj<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>W artykule przedstawiono informacje o roli normalizacji w dzia\u0142aniach zwi\u0105zanych z budow\u0105 pierwszej w Polsce elektrowni j\u0105drowej, jej p\u00f3\u017aniejszej eksploatacji, wymaganiach i wyzwaniach, jakim b\u0119d\u0105 musia\u0142y sprosta\u0107 strony zaanga\u017cowane w realizacj\u0119 tego projektu. Oceniono stan normalizacji krajowej raz jej powi\u0105zanie z normalizacj\u0105 europejsk\u0105 i mi\u0119dzynarodow\u0105.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bezpiecze\u0144stwo J\u0105drowe i Ochrona Radiologiczna, 3\/2023<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.pl\/web\/paa\/bezpieczenstwo-jadrowe-i-ochrona-radiologiczna---numer-32023\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to National Atomic Energy Agency website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. Selected Legal and Safety Aspects of the \u201cCoal-To-Nuclear\u201d Strategy in Poland<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Dagmara Chmielewska-\u015amietanko, Agnieszka Mi\u015bkiewicz, Tomasz Smoli\u0144ski, Gra\u017cyna Zakrzewska-Ko\u0142tuniewicz, Andrzej Chmielewski<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> <em>Poland is actively exploring the application of nuclear power as a substitute for its present reliance on fossil fuels for the generation of heat and electricity. This change reflects a calculated attempt to reduce carbon emissions, diversify the nation\u2019s energy sources, and enhance the sustainability of its energy infrastructure. However, the implementation of nuclear technology faces many challenges, such as radiation exposure, the production of radioactive waste, the off-site effects of nuclear accidents, and high capital costs. Addressing such nuclear-safety-related issues is crucial for nuclear technology\u2019s successful deployment. An extended analysis of the \u201ccoal-to-nuclear\u201d process in terms of its safety has to be performed. Therefore, this review paper covers multidisciplinary studies related to the rollout of nuclear energy in Poland. The first stage of this study was the identification of the key areas of analysis, which included (i) formal requirements and recommendations imposed by international and national organizations on the process of designing and operating nuclear power systems; (ii) potential nuclear hazards for the personnel working at a nuclear reactor unit and the local population; (iii) the applied solutions of the security systems of a reactor itself, the steam turbine cycle, and the auxiliary infrastructure; and (iv) the management of spent nuclear fuel and radioactive waste. This methodology, developed based on a review of the literature and international standards, was tested for the selected country\u2014Poland.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Energies, 17(5), 1128, 2024<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en17051128\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to publisher&#8217;s website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. Repowering a coal-fired power plant according to the coal-to-nuclear pathway &#8211; analysis of nuclear unit development from the perspective of cooling water availability <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Jakub Ochmann, Henryk \u0141ukowicz, Sebastian Lepszy, \u0141ukasz Bartela<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> Changes in energy fuel markets, the rise of renewables and the aging of existing coal-fired units are leading to increased popularization of research on potential pathways for restructuring power systems. One proposed concept is the Coal-toNuclear path, which involves the partial use of existing coal-fired power plant infrastructure in favor of the construction of nuclear units, which can reduce investment costs. An additional benefit is the ability to manage the workforce competencies identified within the coal-fired power unit, and which are also required for the effective operation of the nuclear unit. The article considers the possibility of repowering the Kozienice power plant in Poland from the perspective of the availability of water used to cool the power units. Three different nuclear reactor technologies that are potentially being considered for the construction of the first nuclear units in Poland were analyzed. The study showed that the lowest water flows in the Vistula river recorded in 2022, equal to 146 m3\/s, make it impossible to simultaneously cool the nuclear units and ensure sufficiently low water temperatures from an environmental perspective. Nuclear units were shown to require about 1.55\u22121.67 times more water for cooling than typical coal-fired units.<\/p>\n<p>Archives of Thermodynamics, 45(2), p. 107-115, 2024<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/journals.pan.pl\/dlibra\/publication\/150857\/edition\/131571\/content\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to publisher&#8217;s website<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. Potential for Repowering Inland Coal-Fired Power Plants Using Nuclear Reactors According to the Coal-to-Nuclear Concept <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Authors:<\/strong> Jakub Ochmann, Grzegorz Niewi\u0144ski, Henryk \u0141ukowicz, \u0141ukasz Bartela<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract:<\/strong> The popularity of nuclear power as a high-availability energy source is increasing in countries that currently rely on coal-based energy. The growing use of renewable energy sources emphasizes the need for greater energy supply security and grid stability. However, nuclear reactors remain the most expensive commercially available power-generation technology, which limits investment in this field. This paper explores the feasibility of investing in Coal-to-Nuclear conversion at selected coal-fired power plant sites in Poland. By converting coal-fired infrastructure, it is possible to reduce the financial cost of constructing a nuclear power plant. The study included an analysis of hydrological conditions from 2010 to 2023 at selected locations, which determined the potential for siting high-power nuclear reactors. An analytical model was used to calculate the required water intake for cooling, and the results were compared with actual river flow measurements. The findings suggested that constructing an inland nuclear power plant in Poland is feasible while complying with legal standards regarding maximum cooling water temperature. The assessment of the four sites allowed appropriate recommendations to be made concerning further research into the implementation of Generation III reactors.<\/p>\n<p>Energies, 17(14), 3545, 2024<\/p>\n<p>Link to publication:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/en17143545\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Link to publisher&#8217;s website<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"featured_media":603,"parent":0,"menu_order":12,"template":"","class_list":["post-764","raporty","type-raporty","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/raporty\/764","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/raporty"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/raporty"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/603"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/projektdesire.pl\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=764"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}